Description of a Rainwater System
A rainwater system is a setup designed to collect, transport, store, and use rainwater from roofs or other surfaces. Its main purpose is to conserve water, reduce reliance on mains supply, and prevent damage caused by uncontrolled stormwater.
1. Collection
Rainwater first lands on a catchment surface, usually the roof of a building. Roofs made of metal sheets, tiles, or concrete are commonly used because they are clean and smooth, allowing water to flow easily.
2. Conveyance
From the roof, water is directed into gutters placed along the edges. The gutters channel the water into downpipes, which carry it down the wall of the building to the storage system.
3. Filtration and First-Flush
Before entering the tank, the water passes through:
-
A mesh screen to remove leaves and debris
-
A first-flush diverter that sends the first dirty runoff (dust, bird droppings) away from the tank
This improves water quality.
4. Storage
The clean rainwater is stored in tanks or reservoirs made of plastic, concrete, steel, or masonry. Tanks are sized depending on rainfall pattern, roof size, and water demand.
5. Distribution
Stored water can be supplied by:
-
Gravity flow (when the tank is elevated)
-
Pumps (when pressure is needed)
The water may be used for non-potable purposes such as:
-
Irrigation
-
Flushing toilets
-
Cleaning
-
Laundry
With proper filtration and treatment, it can also be made safe for drinking.
6. Overflow and Drainage
During heavy rain, excess water flows through an overflow outlet to a soak pit, drainage channel, or stormwater system to prevent flooding or tank damage
- Teacher: Admin User